1.
Penguin Classic, edited by Desmond Lee, P., Lane, M. S., & Plato. The Republic, Book 1, Part 3 ‘Thrasymachus and the Rejection of Conventional Morality’, pp.15-40. vol. Penguin classics (Penguin, 2007).
2.
Pinker, S. Preface. in The better angels of our nature: a history of violence and humanity xix–xxviii (Penguin, 2012).
3.
Pinker, S. Was the Twentieth Century Really the Worst? in The better angels of our nature: a history of violence and humanity 233–241 (Penguin, 2012).
4.
John Gray: Steven Pinker is wrong about violence and war | Books | The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/mar/13/john-gray-steven-pinker-wrong-violence-war-declining.
5.
Zuckert, Catherine. Why Socrates and Thrasymachus Become Friends. Philosophy & Rhetoric 43, 163–185 (2010).
6.
Bellamy, A. J. Fighting terror: ethical dilemmas. (Zed, 2008).
7.
Blackburn, S. Plato’s Republic: a biography. vol. Books that shook the world (Atlantic, 2006).
8.
Chappell, T. D. J. & Plato. The Plato reader. (Edinburgh University Press, 1996).
9.
T. D. J. Chappell. The Virtues of Thrasymachus. Phronesis 38, 1–17 (1993).
10.
Coker, C. Barbarous philosophers: reflections on the nature of war from Heraclitus to Heisenberg. (Hurst, 2010).
11.
Hare, R. M. Plato. vol. Past masters (Oxford University Press, 1982).
12.
T. Y. Henderson. In Defense of Thrasymachus. American Philosophical Quarterly 7, 218–228 (1970).
13.
Kraut, R. The Cambridge companion to Plato. (Cambridge University Press, 1992).
14.
Strauss, L. The city and man. (University of Chicago Press, 1978).
15.
Machiavelli, N. & Parks, T. The prince. vol. Penguin classics (Penguin, 2011).
16.
World Migration Report 2018, ch. 1.
17.
Althusser, L. & Matheron, F. Machiavelli and us. (Verso, 1999).
18.
Benner, E. Be like the fox: Machiavelli’s lifelong quest for freedom. (Allen Lane, 2017).
19.
Benner, E. Machiavelli’s ethics. (Princeton University Press, 2009).
20.
Bobbitt, P. The garments of court and palace: Machiavelli and the world that he made. (Atlantic Books, 2015).
21.
Del Lucchese, F. The political philosophy of Niccolo Machiavelli. (Edinburgh University Press, 2015).
22.
Gramsci, A. & Buttigieg, J. A. Prison notebooks. vol. European perspectives (Columbia University Press, 1992).
23.
Owen, D. Machiavelli’s                              and the Politics of Glory*. European Journal of Political Theory 16, 41–60 (2017).
24.
Skinner, Q. Machiavelli. vol. Past masters (Oxford University Press, 1981).
25.
Viroli, M. Machiavelli. vol. Founders of modern political and social thought (Oxford University Press, 1998).
26.
Bock, G. Civil Discord in Machiavelli’s Istorie Fiorentine. in Machiavelli and republicanism vol. 18 (Cambridge University Press, 1993).
27.
Morgenthau, H. J. Six Principles of Political Realism. in Politics among nations: the struggle for power and peace 4–16 (McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2006).
28.
Hobsbawm, E. Cold War. in Age of extremes: the short twentieth century, 1914-1991 (Michael Joseph, 1994).
29.
Frantz. Concerning Violence. in The wretched of the earth 27–84 (Penguin, 1965).
30.
Sartre, J.-P. Preface to Frantz Fanon’s "Wretched of the Earth”. in The Wretched of the Earth vol. Penguin classics (Penguin, 1965).
31.
Evans, M. & Phillips, J. Algeria: anger of the dispossessed. (Yale University Press, 2007).
32.
Alessandrini, A. Frantz Fanon: critical perspectives. (Routledge, 1999).
33.
Bamyeh, M. A. On Humanizing Abstractions. Theory, Culture & Society 27, 52–65 (2010).
34.
After Fanon. vol. New formations (Lawrence & Wishart, 2002).
35.
Bell, V. Introduction: Fanon’s The Wretched of the Earth 50 Years On. Theory, Culture & Society 27, 7–14 (2010).
36.
Bernstein, R. J. Violence: thinking without banisters. (Polity, 2013).
37.
Go, J. Fanon’s postcolonial cosmopolitanism. European Journal of Social Theory 16, 208–225 (2013).
38.
Priyamvada Gopal. Concerning Maoism: Fanon, Revolutionary Violence, and Postcolonial India. South Atlantic Quarterly 112, 115–128 (2013).
39.
Hansen, W. W. & Musa, U. A. Fanon, the Wretched and. Journal of Asian and African Studies 48, 281–296 (2013).
40.
Haddour, A. Torture Unveiled. Theory, Culture & Society 27, 66–90 (2010).
41.
Peter Hallward. Fanon and Political Will. Cosmos and History : the Journal of Natural and Social Philosophy 7, 104–127.
42.
Vergès, F. ‘There Are No Blacks in France’: Fanonian Discourse, ‘the Dark Night of Slavery’ and the French Civilizing Mission Reconsidered. Theory, Culture & Society 27, 91–111 (2010).
43.
Wyrick, D. Fanon for beginners. vol. For beginners (Writers & Readers Publishing, Inc, 1998).
44.
Arendt, H. On Violence. in Crises of the Republic 83–146 (Penguin, 1973).
45.
Arendt, H. On revolution. vol. Twentieth century classics (Penguin, 1990).
46.
Malcolm X: ‘The Ballot or the Bullet’ - the-ballot-or-the-bullet.pdf.
47.
Ayyash, M. M. The paradox of political violence. European Journal of Social Theory 16, 342–356 (2013).
48.
Baluch, F. Arendt’s Machiavellian moment. European Journal of Political Theory 13, 154–177 (2014).
49.
Bernstein, R. J. Violence: thinking without banisters. (Polity, 2013).
50.
Breen, K. Violence and power. Philosophy & Social Criticism 33, 343–372 (2007).
51.
Finlay, C. J. Hannah Arendt’s Critique of Violence. Thesis Eleven 97, 26–45 (2009).
52.
Hirsch, A. K. The promise of the unforgiven. Philosophy & Social Criticism 39, 45–61 (2013).
53.
Jurkevics, A. Hannah Arendt reads Carl Schmitt’s The Nomos of the Earth: A dialogue on law and geopolitics from the margins. European Journal of Political Theory (2015) doi:10.1177/1474885115572837.
54.
Osiel, M. Mass atrocity, ordinary evil, and Hannah Arendt: criminal consciousness in Argentina’s Dirty War. (Yale University Press, 2001).
55.
Owens, P. Violence and Power, Politics and War. in Between war and politics: international relations and the thought of Hannah Arendt 13–32 (Oxford University Press, 2009).
56.
Watson, D. Arendt. vol. Fontana modern masters (Fontana Press, 1992).
57.
Villa, D. R. The Cambridge companion to Hannah Arendt. (Cambridge University Press, 2000).
58.
Schmitt, C. & Schwab, G. Political theology: four chapters on the concept of sovereignty. (University of Chicago Press, 2005).
59.
Agamben, G. State of exception. (University of Chicago Press, 2005).
60.
Burke, J. The New Threat. in The new threat: the past, present, and future of islamic militancy (New Press, 2015).
61.
Schmitt, C. & Schmitt, C. The Concept of the Political. (University of Chicago Press, 2007).
62.
Agamben, G. Homo Sacer: sovereign power and bare life. vol. Meridian : crossing aesthetics (Stanford University Press, 1998).
63.
Agamben, G., Binetti, V. & Casarino, C. Means without end: notes on politics. vol. Theory out of bounds (University of Minnesota Press, 2000).
64.
Bernstein, R. J. Violence: thinking without banisters. (Polity, 2013).
65.
Comaroff, J. Terror and Territory: Guantanamo and the Space of Contradiction. Public Culture 19, 381–405 (2007).
66.
Edkins, J. Sovereign Power, Zones of Indistinction, and the Camp. Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 25, 3–25 (2000).
67.
Edkins, J., Shapiro, M. & Pin-Fat, V. Sovereign lives: power in global politics. (Routledge, 2004).
68.
Huysmans, J. The Jargon of Exception—On Schmitt, Agamben and the Absence of Political Society. International Political Sociology 2, 165–183 (2008).
69.
William Rasch. Human Rights as Geopolitics: Carl Schmitt and the Legal Form of American Supremacy. Cultural Critique 120–147 (2003).
70.
Richard Wolin. Carl Schmitt, Political Existentialism, and the Total State. Theory and Society 19, 389–416 (1990).
71.
Keen, S. Archetypes of the Enemy: Apparitions of the Hostile Imagination. in Faces of the enemy: reflections of the hostile imagination (HarperSanFrancisco, 1991).
72.
Butler, J. Introduction to Frames of war: when is life grievable? in (Verso, 2010).
73.
Propaganda, power and persuasion: from World War I to Wikileaks (Please read chapter 14). (I.B. Tauris, 2015).
74.
Falasca-Zamponi, S. Fascist spectacle: the aesthetics of power in Mussolini’s Italy. vol. 28 (University of California Press, 2000).
75.
The War You Don’t See.
76.
Schlesinger, P. Media, state and nation: political violence and collective identities. (Sage Publications, 1991).
77.
Carruthers, S. L. The media at war. (Palgrave Macmillan, 2011).
78.
Taylor, P. M. Munitions of the mind: a history of propaganda from the ancient world to the present era. (Manchester University Press, 1995).
79.
Rhodes, A. & Margolin, V. Propaganda: the art of persuasion : World War II. (Angus and Robertson, 1976).
80.
Chomsky, N. Media control: the spectacular achievements of propaganda. (Seven Stories Press, 1997).
81.
Lewis, J. Language wars: the role of media and culture in global terror and political violence. (Pluto, 2005).
82.
Nossek, H., Sreberny, A. & Sonwalkar, P. Media and political violence. (Hampton Press, 2007).
83.
Wittmann, A. M. Talking conflict: the loaded language of genocide, political violence, terrorism, and warfare. (ABC-CLIO, 2017).
84.
Connelly, M. & Welch, D. War and the media: reportage and propaganda, 1900-2003. (I.B. Tauris, 2005).
85.
Clark, T. Art and propaganda in the twentieth century: the political image in the age of mass culture. (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1997).
86.
Skidmore College. Tang Teaching Museum and Art Gallery & Wolfsonian-Florida International University. Weapons of mass dissemination: the propaganda of war. (Wolfsonian-Florida International University, 2004).
87.
Thrall, A. T. War in the media age. (Hampton, 2000).
88.
Kamalipour, Y. R. & Snow, N. War, media, and propaganda: a global perspective. (Rowman & Littlefield, 2004).
89.
Welch, D. The Third Reich: politics and propaganda. (Routledge, 2002).
90.
Hammond, P. Media, war and postmodernity. (Routledge, 2007).
91.
Ellul, J., Kellen, K. & Lerner, J. Propaganda: the formation of men’s attitudes. (Vintage Books, 1973).
92.
Heller, S. Iron fists: branding the 20th-century totalitarian state. (Phaidon, 2008).
93.
Bonnell, V. E. Iconography of power: Soviet political posters under Lenin and Stalin. vol. 27 (University of California Press, 1997).
94.
Tumber, H. & Palmer, J. Media at war: the Iraq crisis. (SAGE, 2004).
95.
Chapman, J. The British at war: cinema, state and propaganda, 1939-1945. (I.B. Tauris, 1998).
96.
Kassimeris, G., Buckley, J., & Dawsonera. The Ashgate research companion to modern warfare. (Ashgate, 2010).
97.
Hodges, A. & Nilep, C. Discourse, war and terrorism. vol. 24 (John Benjamins, 2007).
98.
Shaw, B. Selections from Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung. in Revolutionary guerrilla warfare (Precedent Pub, 1975).
99.
Guevara, C. Guerrilla Warfare - A Method. in The guerrilla reader: a historical anthology (Wildwood House, 1978).
100.
Guevara, E. Guerrilla warfare. (Souvenir Press, 2003).
101.
Chaliand, G. Terrorism : from popular struggle to media spectacle. (Saqi Books, 1987).
102.
Debray, R. Revolution in the revolution? (Verso, 2017).
103.
Beck, C. J. Radicals, revolutionaries, and terrorists. (Polity, 2015).
104.
Burton, A. M. Revolutionary violence: the theories. (Cooper, 1977).
105.
Debray, R. & Sheed, R. Che’s guerilla war. (Penguin, 1975).
106.
Kilcullen, D. The accidental guerrilla: fighting small wars in the midst of a big one. (C. Hurst & Co, 2009).
107.
Chaliand, G. Terrorism: from popular struggle to media spectacle. (Saqi Books, 1987).
108.
Varon, J. Bringing the war home: the Weather Underground, the Red Army Faction, and revolutionary violence in the sixties and seventies. (University of California Press, 2004).
109.
Caygill, H. On resistance: a philosophy of defiance. (Bloomsbury, 2013).
110.
Clutterbuck, R. Guerrillas and terrorists. (Faber, 1977).
111.
Joes, A. J. Urban guerrilla warfare. (University Press of Kentucky, 2007).
112.
Ryan, M. Tom Barry: IRA freedom fighter. (Mercier, 2005).
113.
Kraus, R. C. The cultural revolution: a very short introduction. (Oxford University Press, 2012).
114.
Calvert, P. & Calvert, P. Terrorism, civil war, and revolution: revolution and international politics. (Continuum, 2010).
115.
Finlay, C. Terrorism and the right to resist: a theory of just revolutionary war. (Cambridge University Press, 2015).
116.
Wittmann, A. M. Talking conflict: the loaded language of genocide, political violence, terrorism, and warfare. (ABC-CLIO, 2017).
117.
Lynch, M. J. Mao. (Routledge, 2004).
118.
Grandin, G. & Joseph, G. M. A century of revolution: insurgent and counterinsurgent violence during  Latin America’s long cold war. (Duke University Press, 2010).
119.
Sarkesian, S. C. Revolutionary guerrilla warfare: theories, doctrines, and contexts. (Transaction, 2010).
120.
Laqueur, W. Guerrilla warfare: a historical & critical study. (Transaction, 1998).
121.
West, Harry G. Girls with Guns: Narrating the Experience of War of Frelimo’s" Female Detachment". Anthropological Quarterly (2000).
122.
Melzer, P. Death in the shape of a young girl: women’s political violence in the Red Army Faction. (New York University Press, 2015).
123.
Twine, F. W. Girls with guns: firearms, feminism, and militarism. (Routledge, 2013).
124.
Lorentzen, L. A. & Turpin, J. E. The women and war reader. (New York University Press, 1998).
125.
Adie, K. & Imperial War Museum. Corsets to camouflage: women and war. (Coronet, 2004).
126.
Matthews, J. Women and war. (University of Michigan Press, 2003).
127.
Alison, M. H. Women and political violence: female combatants in ethno-national conflict. (Routledge, 2010).
128.
Noakes, L. Women in the British Army: war and the gentle sex, 1907-1948. (Routledge, 2006).
129.
Goldstein, J. S. War and gender: how gender shapes the war system and vice versa. (Cambridge University Press, 2001).
130.
Tasker, Y. Soldiers’ stories: military women in cinema and television since World War II. (Duke University Press, 2011).
131.
Zarzycka, M. Gendered tropes in war photography: mothers, mourners, soldiers. (Routledge, 2017).
132.
Elshtain, J. B. Women and war. (Harvester, 1987).
133.
Noakes, L. Women in the British Army: war and the gentle sex, 1907-1948. (Routledge, 2006).
134.
Matthews, J. Women and war. (University of Michigan Press, 2003).
135.
Khalili, L. Time in the shadows: confinement in counterinsurgencies. (Stanford University Press, 2013).
136.
Dixon, P. ‘Hearts and Minds’? British Counter-Insurgency from Malaya to Iraq. Journal of Strategic Studies 32, 353–381 (2009).
137.
Newsinger, J. The Long War: Northern Ireland. in British counterinsurgency: from Palestine to Northern Ireland (Palgrave Macmillan, 2015).
138.
Gareau, F. H. State terrorism and the United States: from counterinsurgency to the war on terrorism. (Clarity Press, 2004).
139.
Thornton, R. Asymmetric warfare: threat and response in the twenty-first century. (Polity, 2007).
140.
French, D. Nasty not nice: British counter-insurgency doctrine and practice, 1945?1967. Small Wars & Insurgencies 23, 744–761 (2012).
141.
Stubbs, Richard. Hearts and Minds in Guerrilla Warfare: The Malayan Emergency 1948-1960. (1989).
142.
Anderson, D. L. The Vietnam War. vol. Twentieth-century wars (Palgrave Macmillan, 2005).
143.
Dixon, P. ?Hearts and Minds?? British Counter-Insurgency Strategy in Northern Ireland. Journal of Strategic Studies 32, 445–474 (2009).
144.
Rid, T. & Hecker, M. War 2.0: irregular warfare in the information age. (Praeger Security International, 2009).
145.
French, D. The British way in counter-insurgency, 1945-1967. (Oxford University Press, 2011).
146.
Newbery, S. Interrogation, intelligence and security: controversial British techniques. (Manchester University Press, 2015).
147.
Bennett, H. C. Fighting the Mau Mau: the British Army and counter-insurgency in the Kenya Emergency. (Cambridge University Press, 2013).
148.
Branch, D. Defeating Mau Mau, creating Kenya: counterinsurgency, civil war, and decolonization. vol. 111 (Cambridge University Press, 2009).
149.
Counter-terrorism and state political violence: the ‘war on terror’ as terror. (Routledge, 2013).
150.
Stokes, D. America’s other war: terrorizing Colombia. (Zed, 2005).
151.
Gregory, D. The Death of the Civilian? Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 24, 633–638 (2006).
152.
‘Numbing & Horrible’: Former Drone Operator Brandon Bryant on His Haunting First Kill | Democracy Now! https://www.democracynow.org/2015/11/20/numbing_horrible_former_drone_operator_brandon.
153.
Calhoun, L. The New Banality of Killing. in We kill because we can: from soldiering to assassination in the drone age (Zed Books, 2015).
154.
Galliott, J. War 2.0. International Journal of Technoethics 7, 61–76 (2016).
155.
Gregory, D. & Pred, A. R. Violent geographies: fear, terror, and political violence. (Routledge, 2007).
156.
Garrett, S. Airpower and Non-combatant Immunity: The Road to Dresden. in Civilian immunity in war 161–181 (Oxford University Press, 2007).
157.
Neocleous, M. War power, police power. (Edinburgh University Press, 2014).
158.
Goodman, S. & Dawsonera. Sonic warfare: sound, affect, and the ecology of fear. (MIT Press, 2009).
159.
McMahan, J. Killing in war. (Clarendon Press, 2009).
160.
Killing by remote control: the ethics of an unmanned military. (Oxford University Press, 2013).
161.
Sylvester, C. Experiencing war. (Routledge, 2011).
162.
Feldman, A. Archives of the insensible: of war, photopolitics, and dead memory. (The University of Chicago Press, 2015).
163.
Bessel, R. Violence: a modern obsession. (Simon & Schuster, 2015).
164.
Primoratz, I. Civilian immunity in war. (Oxford University Press, 2007).
165.
Bourke, J. An intimate history of killing: face-to-face killing in twentieth-century warfare. (Granta, 1999).
166.
Tanaka, T. & Young, M. B. Bombing civilians: a twentieth-century history. (New Press, 2009).
167.
DORIS, J. M. & MURPHY, D. From My Lai to Abu Ghraib: The Moral Psychology of Atrocity. Midwest Studies in Philosophy 31, 25–55 (2007).
168.
Dawson, G. Making peace with the past?: memories, trauma and the Irish troubles. (Manchester University Press, 2007).
169.
Robins, K. & MyiLibrary. Into the image: culture and politics in the field of vision. (Routledge, 1996).
170.
Butler, J. Frames of war: when is life grievable? (Verso, 2010).
171.
Sontag, S. Regarding the pain of others. (Penguin, 2004).
172.
Mirzoeff, N. Watching Babylon: the war in Iraq and global visual culture. (Routledge, 2005).
173.
Mitchell, W. J. T. Cloning terror: the war of images, 9/11 to the present. (University of Chicago Press, 2011).
174.
Baudrillard, J. & Patton, P. The Gulf War did not take place. (Power Publications, 1995).
175.
Mirzoeff, N. The visual culture reader. (Routledge, 2013).
176.
Anderson, D. War: a history in photographs. (Times, 2003).
177.
Mirzoeff, N. The right to look: a counterhistory of visuality. (Duke University Press, 2011).
178.
Memory of fire: images of war and the war of images. (Photoworks, 2013).
179.
Mieszkowski, J. Watching war. (Stanford University Press, 2012).
180.
Thussu, D. K., Freedman, D., & Dawsonera. War and the media: reporting conflict 24/7. (Sage, 2003).
181.
Borg, A. War memorials: from antiquity to the present. (Leo Cooper, 1991).
182.
Connelly, M. & Welch, D. War and the media: reportage and propaganda, 1900-2003. (I.B. Tauris, 2005).
183.
Violence and the limits of representation. (Palgrave Macmillan, 2013).
184.
Bolt, N. The violent image: insurgent propaganda and the new revolutionaries. (Hurst, 2012).
185.
Guerin, F. & Hallas, R. The image and the witness: trauma, memory and visual culture. (Wallflower, 2007).
186.
Linfield, S. The cruel radiance: photography and political violence. (University of Chicago Press, 2010).
187.
Eisenman, S. F. The Abu Ghraib effect. (Reaktion, 2007).
188.
Seaton, J. Carnage and the media: the making and breaking of news about violence. (Allen Lane, 2005).
189.
Taylor, J. Body horror: photojournalism, catastrophe and war. (Manchester University Press, 1998).